IPP在草酸钙结晶评分中应用的可行性研究

目的探究IPP图像分析软件评估结晶情况可行性、可靠性和稳定性。方法由两位研究员分别对同一批草酸钙结晶照片进行人工评分和应用IPP评分,通过统计学方法检验评分的一致性;1周后,一位研究员再次进行人工评分和应用IPP评分,通过统计学方法检验自身前后评分的一致性。结果人工评分草酸钙结晶,两位研究员及同一研究员前后所给的评分,其一致性均差;应用IPP评分,两位研究员及同一研究员前后所给的评分,其一致性均较高。结论应用IPP图像分析软件对草酸钙结晶情况进行评分具有可靠性和稳定性。     

CHADS2评分联合红细胞分布宽度预测非瓣膜病心房颤动患者缺血性脑卒中风险的研究

目的：探讨CHADS2评分联合红细胞分布宽度( red blood cell distribution width,RDW)对非瓣膜病心房颤动患者缺血性脑卒中风险的预测价值。方法入选于本院住院的230例非瓣膜病心房颤动患者,记录患者入院时的RDW,为每位患者计算CHADS2评分。患者出院后每3个月随访1次,患者随访期间发生缺血性脑卒中或随访满1年则随访结束,根据随访结果将患者分为脑卒中组和非脑卒中组。结果脑卒中组患者的CHADS2评分、RDW、中性/淋巴细胞比非脑卒中组患者偏高,肾小球滤过率较非脑卒中组患者偏低。经logistic回归分析证实,高CHADS2评分、高RDW为非瓣膜病心房颤动患者发生缺血性脑卒中的危险因素。 CHADS2评分、RDW、CHADS2评分联合RDW预测非瓣膜病心房颤动患者发生缺血性脑卒中的受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)曲线下面积分别为0.781、0.758、0.842。结论将CHADS2评分与RDW联合可提高对非瓣膜病心房颤动患者发生缺血性脑卒中风险的预测价值。     

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者血浆PTX3水平与GRACE评分的相关性研究

目的 研究急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者血浆PTX3水平与全球急性冠状动脉事件注册(GRACE)风险评分的相关性,评价PTX3对急性心肌梗死的早期诊断及远期预后的评估价值.方法 急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者86例,依据患者入院时GRACE评分分值将患者分为低危组(32例)、中危组(26例)、高危组(28例),另选30名体检健康成人作为正常对照组,入院后1h内采集血液标本,送检肌钙蛋白、心肌酶等常规化验;应用酶联免疫法测血浆PTX3水平.结果 急性心肌梗死患者血浆PTX3水平明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05).高危组患者血浆PTX3高于中、低危组(P＜0.05),中危组患者血浆PTX3高于低危组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).STEMI患者PTX3水平与年龄、GRACE评分、Killip分级、肌钙蛋白T呈正相关(P＜0.05).多元线性回归分析显示PTX3与GRACE评分中的Killip分级独立相关(P＜0.05).结论 PTX3可作为心肌坏死的早期分子指标,是急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者不良心血管事件发生的有效独立预测因子.     

Computer‐Based Malnutrition Risk Calculation May Enhance the Ability to Identify Pediatric Patients at Malnutrition‐Related Risk for Unfavorable Outcome

Background: The study aimed to test the hypothesis that computer‐based calculation of malnutrition risk may enhance the ability to identify pediatric patients at malnutrition‐related risk for an unfavorable outcome. The Pediatric Digital Scaled MAlnutrition Risk screening Tool (PeDiSMART), incorporating the World Health Organization (WHO) growth reference data and malnutrition‐related parameters, was used. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 500 pediatric patients aged 1 month to 17 years. Upon admission, the PeDiSMART score was calculated and anthropometry was performed. Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS), Screening Tool Risk on Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids), and Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP) malnutrition screening tools were also applied. PeDiSMART's association with the clinical outcome measures (weight loss/nutrition support and hospitalization duration) was assessed and compared with the other screening tools. Results: The PeDiSMART score was inversely correlated with anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance phase angle (BIA PhA). The score's grading scale was based on BIA Pha quartiles. Weight loss/nutrition support during hospitalization was significantly independently associated with the malnutrition risk group allocation on admission, after controlling for anthropometric parameters and age. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 75% and a significant area under the curve, which differed significantly from that of STRONGkids and STAMP. In the subgroups of patients with PeDiSMART‐based risk allocation different from that based on the other tools, PeDiSMART allocation was more closely related to outcome measures. Conclusion: PeDiSMART, applicable to the full age range of patients hospitalized in pediatric departments, graded according to BIA PhA, and embeddable in medical electronic records, enhances efficacy and reproducibility in identifying pediatric patients at malnutrition‐related risk for an unfavorable outcome. Patient allocation according to the PeDiSMART score on admission is associated with clinical outcome measures.     

Short- and medium-term effects of informal care provision on female caregivers’ health

In this paper, we present estimates of the effect of informal care provision on female caregivers’ health. We use data from the German Socio-Economic Panel and assess effects up to seven years after care provision. The results suggest that there is a considerable negative short-term effect of informal care provision on mental health which fades out over time. Five years after care provision the effect is still negative but smaller and insignificant. Both short- and medium-term effects on physical health are virtually zero throughout. A simulation analysis is used to assess the sensitivity of the results with respect to potential deviations from the conditional independence assumption in the regression adjusted matching approach.     

持续腰大池引流术引流与多次腰椎穿刺术引流治疗重型颅脑损伤合并蛛网膜下腔出血

目的：探讨持续腰大池引流术引流与多次腰椎穿刺术引流治疗重型颅脑损伤合并蛛网膜下腔出血的效果。方法随机选取入医院治疗的重型颅脑损伤合并蛛网膜下腔出血患者70例作为研究对象,采用数字随机法将患者分为对照组和观察组,对照组行多次腰椎穿刺术引流治疗,观察组采用持续腰大池引流术引流治疗,行格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)、格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS),记录脑脊液红细胞计数低于100×106/L的时间,观察术后1个月内并发症发生率。结果观察组治疗后GCS为(12.52±1.51)分显著高于对照组,脑脊液红细胞约100×106/L时间为(7.24±1.53)d显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后1个月内癫痫、脑积水、脑梗死的发病率分别为0.0%、5.71%、2.86%显著低于对照组11.43%、22.86%、22.86%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组良好率为57.14%明显高于对照组31.43%,死亡率为0.0%明显低于对照组14.29%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论持续腰大池引流术引流能够缩短引流时间,降低术后并发症发生率,可改善患者预后。     

关节镜下缝线“8”字打结空心钉固定治疗前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折

目的：分析关节镜下缝线“8”字打结空心钉固定治疗前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折的价值。方法以68例患者为对象,比较患者术前、后Lysholm膝关节功能评分和Lachman试验阴性率。结果：所有患者骨折均愈合良好。术后Lysholm评分为（92.84±1.65）分,显著高于术前（28.46±1.37）的评分（t=33.486,P=0.000）。术后Lachman阴性率为0.00%,显著低于术前100.00%的阳性率（χ2=36.942,P=0.000)。结论关节镜下缝线“8”字打结空心钉固定治疗前交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折具有较好的近期疗效。     

冲击波疗法对训练伤冈上肌肌腱炎的疗效

 目的 探讨冲击波疗法对训练伤所致冈上肌肌腱炎的疗效。方法 回顾性分析武警特色医学中心骨科收治的236例训练伤冈上肌肌腱炎的病例,其中非钙化冈上肌肌腱炎158例(非钙化组),钙化冈上肌肌腱炎78例(钙化组),均行同样参数冲击波治疗,对比两组治疗前,治疗后6、12个月视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Constant肩关节评分。结果 与治疗前相比,治疗后6、12个月,两组VAS评分均明显降低,肩关节Constant评分显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗后6、12个月,钙化组与非钙化组比较,VAS评分更低、Constant评分更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 冲击波疗法能够明显缓解训练伤冈上肌肌腱炎的疼痛症状,提高患侧肩关节功能;且对钙化性冈上肌肌腱炎疗效更好。     

AANEM news and comments

Introduction: With clinical trials underway, our objective was to construct a composite score of global function that could discriminate among people with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Methods: Data were collected from 126 participants with SMA types 2 and 3. Scores from the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale—Expanded and Upper Limb Module were expressed as a percentage of the maximum score and 6‐minute walk test as percent of predicted normal distance. A principal component analysis was performed on the correlation matrix for the 3 percentage scores. Results: The first principal component yielded a composite score with approximately equal weighting of the 3 components and accounted for 82% of the total variability. The SMA functional composite score, an unweighted average of the 3 individual percentage scores, correlated almost perfectly with the first principal component. Conclusions: This combination of measures broadens the spectrum of ability that can be quantified in type 2 and 3 SMA patients. Muscle Nerve 52 : 942–947, 2015